diff --git a/fam-core/src/fam_core/db_layer.py b/fam-core/src/fam_core/db_layer.py
index a19671c..1c5f9d0 100644
--- a/fam-core/src/fam_core/db_layer.py
+++ b/fam-core/src/fam_core/db_layer.py
@@ -92,6 +92,9 @@ def get_tasks_by_status(status: str, limit=10) -> List[Dict]:
 def update_task_status(task_id: int, status: str, error_message: str = None,
                        failure_stage: str = None):
     """更新任务状态"""
+    valid_stages = {'download', 'extract', 'vlm_visual', 'vlm_fusion', 'callback'}
+    if failure_stage and failure_stage not in valid_stages:
+        failure_stage = 'callback'
     conn = get_conn()
     try:
         cursor = conn.cursor()
diff --git a/fam-core/src/fam_core/dispatcher/dispatcher.py b/fam-core/src/fam_core/dispatcher/dispatcher.py
index 34ea3b6..143dd59 100644
--- a/fam-core/src/fam_core/dispatcher/dispatcher.py
+++ b/fam-core/src/fam_core/dispatcher/dispatcher.py
@@ -165,7 +165,10 @@ class Dispatcher:
         tasks = db_layer.get_pending_tasks(limit=10)
         for task in tasks:
             if self._should_retry(task):
-                self._dispatch_one(task)
+                try:
+                    self._dispatch_one(task)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.error(f"[task_id={task['task_id']}] dispatch 异常: {e}", exc_info=True)
 
     def _run(self):
         """线程主循环"""